life of parents_0001.wmv

World of Words.

Words have a curious life of their own. Some of them rise in reputation, some are pushed into oblivion while others experience an irreversible downfall; gravitational force seems to be at work in their world too!!! The fate of words is just as unpredictable as that of human beings. No sensible person would attempt detailing the story of all words in an article. Assuming that I belong to the world of those sensible people I’m here going to tell you the life history of a few words that I have selected in an arbitrary manner.

Most often words acquire a derogatory meaning in the course of time, which is a sad commentary on the human psyche. These words have fallen into disrepute, thanks to the vagaries of the human mind.

The word villain, for instance, had an inoffensive meaning in the initial stages of its existence. In the early days of manorial system the word merely denoted a labourer. Two hundred years later it came to be associated with the gross manners of a lowly labourer and later on came to mean a perpetrator of evil because it was thought that a person in the lower rung of the social ladder lacked probity! Words that have suffered a similar fate are churl (from the root ceorl meaning countryman) and boor (from the Dutch word boer meaning peasant).

To a person living in 1400 AD stink and lust carried no pejorative meaning; they only meant smell and desire. Similarly the word doom meant judgment to the British of the 14th century. This sense of the word is retained in the verb deem derived from the above-mentioned word. Would you believe that lewd originally meant "unlearned" or "ignorant" and that silly meant happy and then happened to have a changeover in meaning? While patriotism has a positive meaning its actual equivalent term nationalism has been attributed negative connotations for no good reason.

Words also have had the problem of mistaken identity. The word demean meant to conduct but due to the mistaken idea that it was connected with the adjective mean it happened to acquire the present meaning; and pester has come to have the present meaning through an etymological stumble making it seem to have come from pest. The word pester, before the twist in its meaning took place, meant to entangle.

Some people have been immortalized in the world of words but not very much to their liking. News of the kind of existence they have in the realm of words would make them squirm in their graves. The word dunce comes from the medieval philosopher Duns Scotus, whose adversaries were of the opinion that his work was insipid; gradually the word came to mean a wooden headed person, in other words, a fathead: boycott originates from Captain Boycott who was agent for the Irish estates of a certain English peer about the year 1880. He was notorious for his harsh treatment of the tenants; the Irish tenants planned to have him removed through a planned strike against him. This mode of treatment came to be known as boycott.

The word spoonerism has the most interesting history of all words. It comes from Spooner who is known for his speech defect of misplacing the first letters of words. When Spooner addressed a gathering of farmers he called them "tons of soil" and to a student who missed his history classes he said in an angry tone, " you hissed my mistory classes". It is said that in a conversation he called the well-known two-wheeled vehicle a "well boiled icicle" and a friend’s cottage as a "nosy little cook". He is also said to have talked about "tearful chidings". Spoonerism later came to be a generic term for such a speech defect. The Count de Sade is responsible for the existence of the word sadism; the sense of opprobrium that his name suggested due to his misdeeds continues to live on in this word.

And then there was a distinguished Roman general called Lucullus who was well known for his love of lavishness and opulence rather than anything else. Once when his servant had cooked unexceptional food because there was no guest the angry Lucullus said "dost thou not know that today Lucullus dines with Lucullus?" Hence lavishness has come to be equated with this Roman general in the word Lucullan.

Finally there is Eros, the Greek god of love (fortunately his name has not been associated with any negative overtones) who is however not as popular as the Roman god of love, Cupid. Words such as erotic come from this god of love. One interesting thing about Eros is that if you rearrange the letters you will get the word rose. Is that why lovers exchange roses? Probably yes.

So far we have seen how, in the case of many words, we human beings have contributed our mite to make the lives of words miserable. The situation can be reversed sometimes. For instance, if you look at a person’s face and say that his/ her face is appalling instead of using the word appealing (deliberately or accidentally, whichever is the case) imagine what your plight would be; what else? You will end up with black eye!

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Automate Installation of XP

Automate Installation of XP
You can create a CD that can install Windows XP automatically, putting in all the details and answering all the dialog boxes.

The secret behind this is the answer file, which tells Windows what to do while it's installing. The answer file can be created using Windows setup manager.

Using this tool, you can make the answer file so powerful that you can even tell Windows to include or exclude individual components, set the display resolution, and more.

Here's the Steps involved in creating XP Automated Installation Disc:

Step 1: To begin with, insert your Windows XP installation CD into the drive and copy the entire contents of the CD to a new folder on your hard disk.

Step 2: Navigate to the Support > Tools folder on the CD and double-click the Deploy.cab file. Copy all the files to a new folder on your hard disk.

Step 3: The crucial part begins now, creating the answer file. To execute the windows setup manager, double click the Setupmgr.exe file from the contents of the Deploy.cab, which you just copied onto the hard drive.

Step 4: The first few steps of the wizard are self explanatory. Select the following options from the successive dialog boxes. Create a new answer file; Windows unattended installation (Select the appropriate Windows version); "Fully automated"; "No this answer file will be used to install from CD"; and finally, accept the license agreement.

Step 5: Under the General Settings, you can customize the installation of Windows by providing the default name and organization, display settings, time zone and the product key. Fill in the fields using the drop-down list or by keying in the details. If you don't select an option from the drop-down list, the default values will be used.

Step 6: After you are done click Finish and save the answer file as "winnt.sif" when you are prompted. Advanced users can further tweak the answer file by referring to the Help file called Ref.chm in the same folder.

Step 7: Finally copy the answer file to i386 folder in the Windows XP installation folder you created in the beginning.

Step 8: To burn a bootable installation disc, you need the boot sector of the Windows XP CD. Download it from here bootfiles.zip

Step 9: Launch Nero and select CD-ROM (Boot) from the New Compilation dialog box. Under the Boot tab, specify the boot sector file you downloaded and extracted. Set the emulation as "No emulation", and keep the boot message blank. Most importantly, remember to set the "Number of loaded sectors" as 4.

Step 10: Under the Burn tab, set the write method to disc at-once. Click the New button to to begin adding files and folders to the compilation. Drag all the contents of the Windows XP installation disc that you copied to your hard drive (with the answer file in the i386 folder) into the left pane. Insert a blank CD into the optical drive and hit burn button.

Your windows automated installation Disc is ready!

ALL dos commands

all commands of win xp command line

DOS is sometimes helpful in detecting and correcting the errors in Windows such as p/w corruption, some files like "system restore files having viruses are not editable by explorer" Dos helps a lot in those cases

1. ADDUSERS Add or list users to/from a CSV file
2. ARP Address Resolution Protocol
3. ASSOC Change file extension associations
4. ASSOCIAT One step file association
5. AT Schedule a command to run at a later time
6. ATTRIB Change file attributes
7. BOOTCFG Edit Windows boot settings
8. BROWSTAT Get domain, browser and PDC info
9. CACLS Change file permissions
10. CALL Call one batch program from another
11. CD Change Directory - move to a specific Folder
12. CHANGE Change Terminal Server Session properties
13. CHKDSK Check Disk - check and repair disk problems
14. CHKNTFS Check the NTFS file system
15. CHOICE Accept keyboard input to a batch file
16. CIPHER Encrypt or Decrypt files/folders
17. CleanMgr Automated cleanup of Temp files, recycle bin
18. CLEARMEM Clear memory leaks
19. CLIP Copy STDIN to the Windows clipboard.
20. CLS Clear the screen
21. CLUSTER Windows Clustering
22. CMD Start a new CMD shell
23. COLOR Change colors of the CMD window
24. COMP Compare the contents of two files or sets of files
25. COMPACT Compress files or folders on an NTFS partition
26. COMPRESS Compress individual files on an NTFS partition
27. CON2PRT Connect or disconnect a Printer
28. CONVERT Convert a FAT drive to NTFS.
29. COPY Copy one or more files to another location
30. CSCcmd Client-side caching (Offline Files)
31. CSVDE Import or Export Active Directory data
32. DATE Display or set the date
33. Dcomcnfg DCOM Configuration Utility
34. DEFRAG Defragment hard drive
35. DEL Delete one or more files
36. DELPROF Delete NT user profiles
37. DELTREE Delete a folder and all subfolders
38. DevCon Device Manager Command Line Utility
39. DIR Display a list of files and folders
40. DIRUSE Display disk usage
41. DISKCOMP Compare the contents of two floppy disks
42. DISKCOPY Copy the contents of one floppy disk to another
43. DNSSTAT DNS Statistics
44. DOSKEY Edit command line, recall commands, and create macros
45. DSADD Add user (computer, group..) to active directory
46. DSQUERY List items in active directory
47. DSMOD Modify user (computer, group..) in active directory
48. ECHO Display message on screen
49. ENDLOCAL End localisation of environment changes in a batch file
50. ERASE Delete one or more files
51. EXIT Quit the current script/routine and set an errorlevel.
52. EXPAND Uncompress files
53. EXTRACT Uncompress CAB files
54. FC Compare two files
55. FDISK Disk Format and partition
56. FIND Search for a text string in a file
57. FINDSTR Search for strings in files
58. FOR /F Loop command: against a set of files
59. FOR /F Loop command: against the results of another command
60. FOR Loop command: all options Files, Directory, List
61. FORFILES Batch process multiple files
62. FORMAT Format a disk
63. FREEDISK Check free disk space (in bytes)
64. FSUTIL File and Volume utilities
65. FTP File Transfer Protocol
66. FTYPE Display or modify file types used in file extension associations
67. GLOBAL Display membership of global groups
68. GOTO Direct a batch program to jump to a labelled line
69. HELP Online Help
70. HFNETCHK Network Security Hotfix Checker
71. IF Conditionally perform a command
72. IFMEMBER Is the current user in an NT Workgroup
73. IPCONFIG Configure IP
74. KILL Remove a program from memory
75. LABEL Edit a disk label
76. LOCAL Display membership of local groups
77. LOGEVENT Write text to the NT event viewer.
78. LOGOFF Log a user off
79. LOGTIME Log the date and time in a file
80. MAPISEND Send email from the command line
81. MEM Display memory usage
82. MD Create new folders
83. MKLINK Create a symbolic link (linkd)
84. MODE Configure a system device
85. MORE Display output, one screen at a time
86. MOUNTVOL Manage a volume mount point
87. MOVE Move files from one folder to another
88. MOVEUSER Move a user from one domain to another
89. MSG Send a message
90. MSIEXEC Microsoft Windows Installer
91. MSINFO Windows NT diagnostics
92. MSTSC Terminal Server Connection (Remote Desktop Protocol)
93. MUNGE Find and Replace text within file(s)
94. MV Copy in-use files
95. NET Manage network resources
96. NETDOM Domain Manager
97. NETSH Configure network protocols
98. NETSVC Command-line Service Controller
99. NBTSTAT Display networking statistics (NetBIOS over TCP/IP)
100. NETSTAT Display networking statistics (TCP/IP)
101. NOW Display the current Date and Time
102. NSLOOKUP Name server lookup
103. NTBACKUP Backup folders to tape
104. NTRIGHTS Edit user account rights
105. PATH Display or set a search path for executable files
106. PATHPING Trace route plus network latency and packet loss
107. PAUSE Suspend processing of a batch file and display a message
108. PERMS Show permissions for a user
109. PERFMON Performance Monitor
110. PING Test a network connection
111. POPD Restore the previous value of the current directory saved by PUSHD
112. PORTQRY Display the status of ports and services
113. PRINT Print a text file
114. PRNCNFG Display, configure or rename a printer
115. PRNMNGR Add, delete, list printers set the default printer
116. PROMPT Change the command prompt
117. PsExec Execute process remotely
118. PsFile Show files opened remotely
119. PsGetSid Display the SID of a computer or a user
120. PsInfo List information about a system
121. PsKill Kill processes by name or process ID
122. PsList List detailed information about processes
123. PsLoggedOn Who's logged on (locally or via resource sharing)
124. PsLogList Event log records
125. PsPasswd Change account password
126. PsService View and control services
127. PsShutdown Shutdown or reboot a computer
128. PsSuspend Suspend processes
129. PUSHD Save and then change the current directory
130. QGREP Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern.
131. RASDIAL Manage RAS connections
132. RASPHONE Manage RAS connections
133. RECOVER Recover a damaged file from a defective disk.
134. REG Registry: Read, Set, Export, Delete keys and values
135. REGEDIT Import or export registry settings
136. REGSVR32 Register or unregister a DLL
137. REGINI Change Registry Permissions
138. REM Record comments (remarks) in a batch file
139. REN Rename a file or files.
140. REPLACE Replace or update one file with another
141. RD Delete folder(s)
142. RDISK Create a Recovery Disk
143. RMTSHARE Share a folder or a printer
144. ROBOCOPY Robust File and Folder Copy
145. ROUTE Manipulate network routing tables
146. RUNAS Execute a program under a different user account
147. RUNDLL32 Run a DLL command (add/remove print connections)
148. SC Service Control
149. SCHTASKS Create or Edit Scheduled Tasks
150. SCLIST Display NT Services
151. ScriptIt Control GUI applications
152. SET Display, set, or remove environment variables
153. SETLOCAL Control the visibility of environment variables
154. SETX Set environment variables permanently
155. SHARE List or edit a file share or print share
156. SHIFT Shift the position of replaceable parameters in a batch file
157. SHORTCUT Create a windows shortcut (.LNK file)
158. SHOWGRPS List the NT Workgroups a user has joined
159. SHOWMBRS List the Users who are members of a Workgroup
160. SHUTDOWN Shutdown the computer
161. SLEEP Wait for x seconds
162. SOON Schedule a command to run in the near future
163. SORT Sort input
164. START Start a program or command in a separate window.
165. SU Switch User
166. SUBINACL Edit file and folder Permissions, Ownership and Domain
167. SUBST Associate a path with a drive letter
168. SYSTEMINFO List system configuration
169. TASKLIST List running applications and services
170. TIME Display or set the system time
171. TIMEOUT Delay processing of a batch file
172. TITLE Set the window title for a CMD.EXE session
173. TOUCH Change file timestamps
174. TRACERT Trace route to a remote host
175. TREE Graphical display of folder structure
176. TYPE Display the contents of a text file
177. USRSTAT List domain usernames and last login
178. VER Display version information
179. VERIFY Verify that files have been saved
180. VOL Display a disk label
181. WHERE Locate and display files in a directory tree
182. WHOAMI Output the current UserName and domain
183. WINDIFF Compare the contents of two files or sets of files
184. WINMSD Windows system diagnostics
185. WINMSDP Windows system diagnostics II
186. WMIC WMI Commands
187. XCACLS Change file permissions
188. XCOPY Copy files and folders